Afghanistan Politics

Afghan Politics Short History

1709 - Mirwais Hotak declares Afghanistan (land of the Afghans) an independent state and establishes the Hotaki dynasty at Kandahar.

1747 - Ahmad Shah Durrani expands Afghanistan and establishes the Durrani Empire.

1838 - British India invades the land during the First Anglo-Afghan War and begins to influence the politics of Afghanistan.

1919 - King Amanullah Khan takes the throne after the Third Anglo-Afghan War, British influence ends.

1973 - Mohammed Daoud Khan, Prime Minister and a member of the royal family, seizes power while King Mohammad Zahir Shah is in Italy.

1978 – The leftist People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) seizes power during the Saur Revolution. Daoud Khan is assassinated along with his family and supporters.

1979 – President Nur Muhammad Taraki, leader of PDPA, is assassinated and replaced by Hafizullah Amin. Amin is then assassinated and the Soviet Union invades. Babrak Karmal is installed as president.

1987 - Mohammad Najibullah replaces Babrak Karmal as president.

1989 – Soviet army withdraws all troops from the country and the United States also abandones Afghanistan.

1992 – Kabul falls to mujahideen factions. Burhanuddin Rabbani becomes president of the new Islamic State of Afghanistan and a civil war starts.

1996 – Kabul along with most part of the country falls to the Taliban.

2001 – United States and coalition forces invade Afghanistan. Hamid Karzai is appointed leader of the nation at the International Conference on Afghanistan in Germany.

2003 - Loya Jirga adopts new constitution, restructuring the government as an Islamic republic.

2004 - Hamid Karzai is elected President of Afghanistan.

Afghanistan Political Parties List

English name	Original name
Islamic Party	Hezb-e Islami
Republic Party of Afghanistan	Hezbi Jumhori Afghanistan
Islamic Society	Jamiat-e Islami
Islamic Movement of Afghanistan	Harakat-e Islami-yi
Afghan Social Democratic Party	Afghan Mallat
Islamic United Party of Afghanistan	Hezb-e Wahdat-e Islami Afghanistan
Islamic Dawah Organisation of Afghanistan	Ittehad-I Islami Bara-yi Azadi Afghanistan
National Rescue Front	hezb jabha nijat mili

Minor Parties

National Islamic Front	(Hezb-e-Mahaz-e-Mili Islami)
Islamic Dawah Organization	(Tanzim Dawat-e-Islami)
National Movement of Afghanistan	(Hezb-e-Nuhzhat-e-Mili Afghanistan)
National Sovereignty Party	(Hezb-e-Eqtedar-e-Mili)
National Solidarity Movement	(Hezb-e-Nahzat-e-Hambastagee Mili)
People's Islamic Movement	(Harakat-e Islami-yi)
National Islamic Unity Party	(Hezb-e-Wahdat-e-Mili Islami)
National Solidarity Party	(Hezb-e-Paiwand Mili)
Pashtoons Social Democratic Party	(De Pashtano Tolaneez Wolaswaleez Gwand)
Youth Solidarity Party of Afghanistan	(Hezb-e-Hambastagee Mili Jawanan)
National Congress Party	(Hezb-e-Congra-e-Mili Afghanistan)
Haqiqat e Afghan Association	(Majma e Haqiqat e Afghan)
Unit Party